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JavaScript Operators


The Assignment Operator (=) assigns a value to a variable.

Assignment Examples

let x = 10;
Try it Yourself »
// Assign the value 5 to x
let x = 5;
// Assign the value 2 to y
let y = 2;
// Assign the value x + y to z:
let z = x + y;
Try it Yourself »

The Addition Operator (+) adds numbers:

Adding

let x = 5;
let y = 2;
let z = x + y;
Try it Yourself »

The Multiplication Operator (*) multiplies numbers.

Multiplying

let x = 5;
let y = 2;
let z = x * y;
Try it Yourself »


Types of JavaScript Operators

There are different types of JavaScript operators:

  • Arithmetic Operators
  • Assignment Operators
  • Comparison Operators
  • Logical Operators
  • Conditional Operators
  • Type Operators

JavaScript Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform arithmetic on numbers:

Arthmetic Operators Example

let a = 3;
let x = (100 + 50) * a;
Try it Yourself »
Operator Description
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
** Exponentiation (ES2016)
/ Division
% Modulus (Division Remainder)
++ Increment
-- Decrement

Arithmetic operators are fully described in the JS Arithmetic chapter.


JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

The Addition Assignment Operator (+=) adds a value to a variable.

Assignment

let x = 10;
x += 5;
Try it Yourself »
Operator Example Same As
= x = y x = y
+= x += y x = x + y
-= x -= y x = x - y
*= x *= y x = x * y
/= x /= y x = x / y
%= x %= y x = x % y
**= x **= y x = x ** y

Assignment operators are fully described in the JS Assignment chapter.


Adding JavaScript Strings

The + operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings.

Example

let text1 = "John";
let text2 = "Doe";
let text3 = text1 + " " + text2;

The result of text3 will be:

John Doe
Try it Yourself »

The += assignment operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

Example

let text1 = "What a very ";
text1 += "nice day";

The result of text1 will be:

What a very nice day
Try it Yourself »

When used on strings, the + operator is called the concatenation operator.


Adding Strings and Numbers

Adding two numbers, will return the sum, but adding a number and a string will return a string:

Example

let x = 5 + 5;
let y = "5" + 5;
let z = "Hello" + 5;

The result of x, y, and z will be:

10
55
Hello5
Try it Yourself »

If you add a number and a string, the result will be a string!


JavaScript Comparison Operators

Operator Description
== equal to
=== equal value and equal type
!= not equal
!== not equal value or not equal type
> greater than
< less than
>= greater than or equal to
<= less than or equal to
? ternary operator

Comparison operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.


JavaScript Logical Operators

Operator Description
&& logical and
|| logical or
! logical not

Logical operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.


JavaScript Type Operators

Operator Description
typeof Returns the type of a variable
instanceof Returns true if an object is an instance of an object type

Type operators are fully described in the JS Type Conversion chapter.


JavaScript Bitwise Operators

Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers.

Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The result is converted back to a JavaScript number.
Operator Description Example Same as Result Decimal
& AND 5 & 1 0101 & 0001 0001  1
| OR 5 | 1 0101 | 0001 0101  5
~ NOT ~ 5  ~0101 1010  10
^ XOR 5 ^ 1 0101 ^ 0001 0100  4
<< left shift 5 << 1 0101 << 1 1010  10
>> right shift 5 >> 1 0101 >> 1 0010   2
>>> unsigned right shift 5 >>> 1 0101 >>> 1 0010   2

The examples above uses 4 bits unsigned examples. But JavaScript uses 32-bit signed numbers.
Because of this, in JavaScript, ~ 5 will not return 10. It will return -6.
~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

Bitwise operators are fully described in the JS Bitwise chapter.


Test Yourself With Exercises

Exercise:

Multiply 10 with 5, and alert the result.

alert(10  5);

Start the Exercise